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The American Political Almanac
RECONSTRUCTION & THE GILDED AGETHE SYSTEM OF 1896THE NEW DEAL ORDERTHE LONG REALIGNMENTPOLARIZED ERA1868RRRRD1888RDRRR1908RDDRR1928RDDDD1948DRRDD1968RRDRR1988RDDRR2008DDRD2024R

The Nation Decides

Electoral votes, the popular vote, and how every state moved
Michael Dukakis
Democrat
Michael Dukakis
111
Electoral votes
45.6% · 41,809,074
President · The Long Realignment

1988

Bush def. Dukakis, 426–111
pledged 112–426 · 1 faithless elector
✓ Won
George H. W. Bush
Republican
George H. W. Bush
426
Electoral votes
53.4% · 48,886,097
Electoral college — 270 to win (538 electors)111 D · 426 R · 1 other
Popular vote45.6% · 53.4% · other 1.0% · margin R+7.8

91,586,825 votes counted

Electoral map — one tile per state
R+40D+40third party won
The swing from last time
Change in each state’s margin since 1984 · ← toward Republicans · toward Democrats →

The Map Beneath the Map

Three thousand counties, and the demography of the divide

Every county that cast a ballot, shaded by its margin. Hover any county to read it; click to open its 156-year profile. Scrub the timeline above and the map redraws in place. Vote counts exist for all forty elections; the demographic lenses begin in 2000.

County margin

Drawing three thousand counties…

R+40D+40no returns

Who Voted for Whom

The American electorate by income, education, faith and more

How each slice of the electorate split between the parties — by their own account. Weighted ANES self-reports from a national sample: they tilt slightly toward the winner and carry no county detail.

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Notes on this election

  • One West Virginia elector voted Bentsen for president. The last election where California went Republican.