Sources and licences

Levels

county, PUMA, ZIP code area, tract and block group (2020 boundaries)

Data

[1] ACS 5-year estimates

Boundaries

[14] Census cartographic boundaries

Race and ethnicity shares and the bachelor’s degree share are computed by this site from published counts; the other measures are the Census Bureau’s published medians. Total population is carried to tell an area with no residents from a withheld estimate and is not mapped. How often each estimate is withheld is on Withheld estimates.

Levels

county (2023 boundaries)

Data

[1] ACS 5-year estimates[2] ACS Summary File[4] County Health Rankings 2025[5] NOAA nClimDiv temperature

Boundaries

[14] Census cartographic boundaries

Levels

county (2020 boundaries)

Data

[6] MIT Election Lab county returns

Boundaries

[14] Census cartographic boundaries

Levels

county (2020 boundaries)

Data

[6] MIT Election Lab county returns[7] Algara and Amlani county returns

Boundaries

[14] Census cartographic boundaries

Levels

county (2023 boundaries); NUTS 0 (country), NUTS 1, NUTS 2 and NUTS 3 (2024 boundaries)

Data

[3] Population estimates, Vintage 2025[9] Eurostat demo_r_gind3

Boundaries

[14] Census cartographic boundaries[15] GISCO NUTS 2024

Levels

NUTS 0 (country), NUTS 1, NUTS 2 and NUTS 3 (2024 boundaries)

Data

[8] Eurostat regional tables[10] Eurostat nama_10r_2gdp

Boundaries

[15] GISCO NUTS 2024

Levels

country

Data

[11] World Development Indicators[12] WDI fertility, population and Gini[13] Global Carbon Budget CO2

Boundaries

[16] Natural Earth

1. [1]

   US Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year estimates, detailed tables. 2019-2023 (the 2023 release), on 2020 boundaries for the city maps and 2023 boundaries for the county map.

   Licence: Public domain as a work of the US federal government (17 U.S.C. §105).

   Income, home value, rent burden, degree share and race and ethnicity for the three cities; every ACS measure on the county map except the uninsured rate, which is rebuilt from the Summary File. Used on Resolution, Classification, Two class rules side by side, Colour, Race and ethnicity in five maps, Two measures on one map, Correlation by level, Withheld estimates, Boundaries from the wrong decade and US counties.

2. [2]

   US Census Bureau. American Community Survey 5-year table-based Summary File. 2019-2023.

   Licence: Public domain as a work of the US federal government (17 U.S.C. §105).

   The county uninsured rate (table B27020), rebuilt on 2026-09-28 because the earlier build counted insured naturalized citizens as uninsured. Used on US counties.

3. [3]

   US Census Bureau. Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025 county totals and components of change (co-est2025-alldata). April 2020 to July 2025.

   Licence: Public domain as a work of the US federal government (17 U.S.C. §105).

   County population change, births minus deaths, and net migration. Used on Population change and its parts.

4. [4]

   University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute. County Health Rankings & Roadmaps 2025 analytic data. 2025 release; overdose deaths and life expectancy cover 2020-2022. Updated 2021-2023 figures for most counties followed on November 4, 2025, and a supplemental file in March 2026; the site keeps the 2025 release, which gives every county the same years.

   Licence: Free to use with attribution to the University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute, County Health Rankings & Roadmaps.

   County drug overdose death rates and life expectancy, with intervals. Used on US counties.

5. [5]

   NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. nClimDiv county average temperature (climdiv-tmpccy). 1895 onward; the site compares 1901-1930 with 1996-2025.

   Licence: Public domain as a work of the US federal government (17 U.S.C. §105).

   Annual mean temperature by county. Used on US counties.

6. [6]

   MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse. County Presidential Election Returns 2000-2024. 2000-2024.

   Licence: CC0 1.0 public domain dedication.

   Votes by county and party; the 2024 cycle of the long series. Used on Presidential vote by county, Dorling cartogram and Presidential vote since 1868.

7. [7]

   Carlos Algara and Sharif Amlani, Harvard Dataverse. Replication Data for: Partisanship & Nationalization in American Elections, county returns. 1868-2020 presidential cycles as used here.

   Licence: CC0 1.0 public domain dedication.

   Democratic two-party share by county, 1868 to 2020. Used on Presidential vote since 1868.

8. [8]

   Eurostat. Regional statistics by NUTS region (ten tables, listed with the European regions above). 2022 or 2023, by table.

   Licence: CC BY 4.0 under the Eurostat reuse policy.

   Population, age, GDP, income, education, labour and poverty by region. Used on European regions.

9. [9]

   Eurostat. Population change, demographic balance and crude rates at regional level (demo_r_gind3). 2023.

   Licence: CC BY 4.0 under the Eurostat reuse policy.

   Total change, natural change and net migration rates by NUTS region. Used on Population change and its parts.

10. [10]

    Eurostat. Gross domestic product by NUTS 2 regions, in purchasing power standards per inhabitant (nama_10r_2gdp). 2023.

    Licence: CC BY 4.0 under the Eurostat reuse policy.

    GDP per inhabitant adjusted for price levels, EU27 = 100. Used on European regions.

11. [11]

    World Bank. World Development Indicators (eight indicators, listed with the countries above). 2023; Gini index 2021.

    Licence: CC BY 4.0.

    GDP, life expectancy, child mortality, urban share, internet use, CO2, education spending and Gini. Used on Countries.

12. [12]

    World Bank. World Development Indicators: fertility rate (SP.DYN.TFRT.IN), population (SP.POP.TOTL) and latest Gini index (SI.POV.GINI). 2023; each country's latest Gini survey year.

    Licence: CC BY 4.0.

    Births per woman, population, and the year of each country's latest inequality survey. Used on Countries.

13. [13]

    Our World in Data, from the Global Carbon Project. CO2 emissions per capita, territorial and consumption-based (Global Carbon Budget 2025). 2023.

    Licence: CC BY 4.0.

    Carbon dioxide per person, by where it was emitted and where the goods were consumed. Used on Countries.

14. [14]

    US Census Bureau. Cartographic boundary files. 2020 for the city levels and the election counties; 2023 for the county map; 2010 tracts for New York on the vintage page.

    Licence: Public domain as a work of the US federal government (17 U.S.C. §105).

    Tracts, block groups, PUMAs, ZIP code areas and counties. Used on Resolution, Classification, Two class rules side by side, Colour, Race and ethnicity in five maps, Two measures on one map, Correlation by level, Withheld estimates, Boundaries from the wrong decade, US counties, Population change and its parts, Presidential vote by county, Dorling cartogram and Presidential vote since 1868.

15. [15]

    Eurostat GISCO. NUTS 2024 statistical regions (GISCO). 2024.

    Licence: Free to reuse with attribution; administrative boundaries © EuroGeographics.

    Regions at NUTS levels 0 to 3 for the EU and EFTA. Used on European regions and Population change and its parts.

16. [16]

    Natural Earth. Natural Earth 1:110m admin 0 countries. Version 5.1.2.

    Licence: Public domain.

    Country outlines. Used on Countries and Map projections and area.

17. [17]

    OpenFreeMap; map data © OpenStreetMap contributors. OpenFreeMap vector tiles (OpenMapTiles schema). Current.

    Licence: Map data under the Open Database License (ODbL), © OpenStreetMap contributors; credited on every map.

    Streets, water and place labels under the MapLibre maps.